董文超
,
陆善平
,
李殿中
,
李依依
金属学报
针对SUS304不锈钢的定点钨极惰性气体保护焊过程，建立三维瞬态定点热源作用下的焊接熔池数学模型，系统研究了不同氧含量下的熔池温度场、速度场以及熔池形貌演变过程。结果表明：随着熔池中活性组元氧的增加，熔池内的对流模式经历了以外对流为主、内外对流共存到以内对流为主的演变过程，熔池形貌由浅且宽形、“勺”形变成深且窄形。熔池中微量活性组元氧直接影响熔池表面张力温度梯度系数，改变熔池表面Marangoni对流模式和熔池最终形貌。当氧含量低于80ppm时，熔池表面以外向Marangoni对流为主，熔池形貌宽且浅；当氧含量超过120ppm时，熔池表面以内向Marangoni对流为主，熔池形貌窄且深；当氧含量处于80ppm～120ppm之间时，熔池形貌为“勺”形，并且随时间的增加，熔池内外对流区域逐渐变小，内对流区域逐渐变大。定点联合保护焊实验结果表明，熔池形貌变化规律的模拟结果与实验结果相吻合。
关键词:
微量活性组元
,
Oxygen
,
Marangoni convection
,
Weld shape
Shanping LU
材料科学技术（英）
Weld shape variation for different welding parameters is investigated on pure iron plate under gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding with argon-oxygen mixed shielding. Results showed that small addition of oxygen to the argon base shielding gas can effectively adjust the oxygen adsorption to the molten pool. An inward Marangoni convection occurs on the pool surface when the oxygen content in the weld pool is over the critical value, 80×10-6, for pure iron plate under Ar-0.3%O2 mixed shielding. Low oxygen content in the weld pool changes the inward Marangoni to an outward direction under the Ar-0.1%O2 shielding. The GTA weld shape depends to a large extent on the pattern and strength of the Marangoni convection on the pool surface, which is determined by the content of surface active element, oxygen, in the weld pool and the welding parameters. The strength of the Marangoni convection on the liquid pool is a product of the temperature coefficient of the surface tension (dσ/dT) and the temperature gradient (dT/dr) on the pool surface. Different welding parameters will change the temperature distribution and gradient on the pool surface, and therefore, affect the strength of Marangoni convection and the weld shape.
关键词:
Weld shape
,
null
,
null
,
null
